葉片泵
分類(lèi):?jiǎn)巫饔梅切逗墒健兞勘谩㈦p作用卸荷式 —定量泵
單作用葉片泵的組成:定子、轉(zhuǎn)子、葉片、
∨偏心安裝
、 配油盤(pán)、傳動(dòng)軸、殼
體等。
單作用葉片泵的工作原理:
v密形成:定子、轉(zhuǎn)子、葉片、配流盤(pán)圍成下半周,葉片伸出,v密↑,吸油
v密變化,轉(zhuǎn)子順轉(zhuǎn) < 上半周,葉片縮回,v密↓,壓油
吸壓油腔隔開(kāi):配油盤(pán)上封油區(qū)和葉片 單作用葉片泵特點(diǎn)
1 ∵轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)一轉(zhuǎn),吸壓油各一次。
∴稱(chēng)單作用式
2 ∵ 吸壓油口各半,徑向力不平衡。
∴稱(chēng)非卸荷式單作用葉片泵的排量
∵ 兩葉片處于定子最右邊,v密max 處于定子最左邊,v密min
∴ (V密max-V密min)Z即一轉(zhuǎn)壓出油
液的體積,即等于一環(huán)形體積
故 V = π[(R+e)2-( R-e)2] B = 4πR eB= 2πDeB
單作用葉片泵的流量
理論流量: qt = vn = 2πB e D n
實(shí)際流量: q = qtηv = 2πBeDnηv
結(jié)論:1) qT = f(幾何參數(shù)、 n、e)
2)∵ n = c e變化 q ≠ C
∴變量泵 e = 0 q = 0
故 單作用葉片泵可做雙向變量泵 單作用葉片泵的流量脈動(dòng)
∵ 單作用葉片泵定、轉(zhuǎn)偏心安裝
∴ 其容積變化不均勻
故 有流量脈動(dòng),葉片應(yīng)取奇數(shù)
一般13∽15
限壓式變量葉片泵的作用:當(dāng)壓力升高到預(yù)調(diào)的限定
壓力后,流量自動(dòng)減小。
外反饋限壓式變量葉片泵組成:組成:變量泵主體、限壓彈簧、調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)(螺釘)、反饋液壓缸。
外反饋限壓式變量葉片泵工作原理:當(dāng)pA < ksx0時(shí),定子不動(dòng),e=e0,q= qmax
當(dāng)pA = ksx0時(shí),定子即將移動(dòng),p = pB,即為限定壓力。
當(dāng)pA > ksx0時(shí),定子右移, e↓ ,q↓ 限壓式變量葉片泵的特性曲線
當(dāng)p < pb時(shí),pA < ksx0 定量泵
當(dāng)p > pb時(shí),pA = ks(x0+x)變量泵
限壓式變量葉片泵的調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程
調(diào)節(jié)螺釘4,可改變qmax,使AB段上下平移
調(diào)節(jié)螺釘3,可改變pB , 使BC段左右平移
更換彈簧,可改變彈簧剛度,使BC段斜率限壓式變量葉片泵的應(yīng)用:執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)需要有快、慢速運(yùn)動(dòng)的場(chǎng)合,
如:組合機(jī)床進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)快進(jìn)、工進(jìn)、 快退等
限壓式變量葉片泵的特點(diǎn):減小了△P,減少了油液發(fā)熱, 簡(jiǎn)化
了系統(tǒng),但結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。 雙作用葉片泵組成:組成:定子、轉(zhuǎn)子、葉片、配
油盤(pán)、傳動(dòng)軸、殼體等
雙作用葉片泵工作原理:V密形成:定子、轉(zhuǎn)子和相鄰兩葉片、配流 盤(pán)圍成
右上、左下,葉片伸出,V密↑吸油
V密變化:轉(zhuǎn)子逆轉(zhuǎn)< 工作原理動(dòng)畫(huà)
左上、右下,葉片縮回,V密↓壓油
吸壓油口隔開(kāi): 配油盤(pán)上封油區(qū)及葉片 雙作用葉片泵特點(diǎn):1)∵ 轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)一轉(zhuǎn),吸、壓油各兩次。
∴稱(chēng)雙作用式
2)∵ 吸、壓油口對(duì)稱(chēng),徑向力平衡。
∴稱(chēng)卸荷式雙作用葉片泵排量
∵ 葉片每伸縮一次,每?jī)扇~片間油
液的排出量為 : V密max-V密min
∴ (V密max-V密min)Z即一轉(zhuǎn)壓出油
液的體積,即等于一環(huán)形體積。
又∵ 雙作用式
∴ 應(yīng)為兩倍的環(huán)形體積 , 即 Vt = 2π(R2-r2)B
還∵ 葉片有一定厚度
∴ 葉片所占體積為 V’=2BSZ(R-r)/COSθ
故 雙作用葉片泵的實(shí)際排量為
V = Vt – V = 2B[π(R2-r2)-(R-r)Z/COSθ]雙作用葉片泵的理論流量為: qt= 2B[π(R2-r2)-(R-r)SZ/COSθ]n
泵輸出的實(shí)際流量為:
q = 2B[π(R2-r2)-(R-r)Z/COSθ]nηv 結(jié) 論: 1. qT = f(幾何參數(shù)、 n)
2.∵ n = c qT = C
∴ 雙作用葉片泵為定量泵,雙作 用葉片泵仍存在流量脈動(dòng),當(dāng)葉片數(shù)為4的整數(shù)倍、且大于 8時(shí)的流量脈動(dòng)較小
故 通常取葉片數(shù)為12或16
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